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The IB programme offers three special features in addition to the traditional strengths of a broad liberal arts curriculum. These elements are referred to as diploma requirements since every diploma candidate is required to participate.
Theory of Knowledge (TOK)
Theory of Knowledge (TOK) provides coherence to the programme. It is a course of study unique to the International Baccalaureate and mandatory for every diploma candidate. At least 100 hours of teaching time spanning the programme’s two years are recommended for TOK. The origins of Theory of Knowledge lie in a fusion of two divergent educational traditions, one pragmatic and the other placing prime importance on the teaching of philosophy. Within TOK, candidates are encouraged to reflect on all aspects of their work throughout the IBDP.
The Extended Essay (EE)
IBDP candidates are required to undertake original research and write an extended essay of about 4000 words. This aspect of the programme offers the opportunity to investigate a topic of special interest and to become acquainted with the kind of independent research and writing skills expected at the university level. A total of about 40 hours of private study and writing time is recommended. A student may choose to write on a topic in one of the subjects available in the IB diploma curriculum.
An extended essay in a subject from groups 1 or 2 (first or second language) may be written either as a language essay or as a literature essay. A focus on language enables the student to develop knowledge of the structure and form of the language studied and an understanding of the culture in which it is spoken. The essay might explore an issue related to a particular society and help the writer gain insight into how users of the language think and behave. Extended essays in literature allow candidates to develop personal criticism of a literary text or to study a literary topic in depth. Some students elect to do comparative studies between works written in a foreign language and the literature of their own countries or regions.
Extended essays submitted in the other four academic areas of the curriculum must be registered in one of the official subjects of the IBDP. Selection of the extended essay subject gives students the chance to deepen their programme of study, for example by researching and writing on a topic in one of their higher level courses. On the other hand, candidates may add to the breadth of their academic experience by electing to write in a subject not included in their diploma choices. Interdisciplinary themes are not accepted for the extended essay.
Creativity, Action, Service (CAS)
Creativity, action, service is known by its acronym CAS and is a fundamental part of the diploma experience. The CAS requirements emphasise the importance of life outside the world of scholarship, providing a counterbalance to the academic self-absorption some may feel within a demanding school environment. The IBDP goal of educating the whole person and fostering a more active citizenry comes alive in an immediate way when students reach beyond themselves and their books.
CAS involves three essential elements. Creativity is interpreted broadly to include a wide range of arts activities, as well as the creativity students demonstrate in designing and implementing service projects. Action can include not only participation in individual and team sports, but also taking part in expeditions and local and international projects. Service encompasses a host of community and social service activities. Some examples include helping children with special needs, visiting hospitals and working with refugees or homeless people.
Provision of a varied menu of activities for all diploma candidates is the responsibility of a CAS supervisor. Students are expected to be involved in CAS activities of 150 hours in total over the two years of the IBDP.
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